How to spot and avoid hidden defects when buying a home in Québec
Becoming a homeowner is exciting. At the same time, it’s normal to worry about hidden defects. The good news: with the right knowledge and the right experts on your side, you can reduce risk and buy with confidence.
So what exactly is a hidden defect, and how can you protect yourself?
What is a hidden defect?
Under Québec law, a hidden defect is a problem that:
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Already existed at the time of the sale
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Is serious enough to affect the use or value of the property
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Couldn’t be seen during a normal inspection by a careful buyer
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Was not disclosed by the seller
In short, it’s more than just a cosmetic issue — it's something significant that you couldn't reasonably detect before buying.
Common hidden defects to watch for
These are the issues that most often show up after a purchase:
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Water infiltration
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Mould or excessive humidity
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Non-compliant or outdated electrical systems
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Roof or attic wood rot
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Foundation cracks / structural issues
These problems can be costly, so spotting signs early helps avoid surprises.
How to protect yourself before buying
1. Do a pre-purchase inspection
Hire a qualified building inspector with liability insurance. They can recognize warning signs that most people would miss.
2. Do your own visual check
Look for clues like:
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Cracks in walls or ceilings
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Musty odours
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Water stains
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Doors and windows that don’t open smoothly
If something feels off, ask questions or request additional professional evaluations.
3. Review the seller’s declaration
Sellers must legally disclose known issues. Read it carefully and follow up on anything unclear.
What to do if you discover a hidden defect
If a serious problem shows up after you move in:
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Document everything (photos, videos, expert reports)
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Notify the seller in writing as soon as possible
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Get legal advice before starting repairs or taking action
You generally have up to three years from the discovery to make a claim, but notifying the seller right away is key.
Final thoughts
Buying property always comes with some risk, but with a strong team — a real estate broker, a building inspector, and a notary — you can make informed decisions and protect yourself.
And remember: prevention starts at home too. If you already own a property, regular maintenance goes a long way in avoiding the kinds of problems that later become expensive surprises.
For any questions on this topic or for any other information do not hesitate to contact me:
Steven Cecere, Courtier Immobilier, 514-586-4233
